Development of The Work Engagement Scale
Keywords:
Work Engagement, Physical Engagement, Cognitive Engagement, Emotional Engagement, Motivation and Organizational Engagement, Virtues and Self-Alignment, Exploratory Factor AnalysisAbstract
The aim of the study was to develop a culturally relevant work engagement scale. The scale was developed to analyse the engagement of working population in their work using Kahn’s (1990) theory of work engagement A sample of 250 teachers (48 males and 152 females) ranging in age from 20 to 68 years (Mage: 35.92, SD: .553) were selected through convenient sampling from different private and public educational institutions of Pakistan. The Work Engagement Scale was developed in four stages, including Stage 1: Item Generation and Empirical Validation, Stage 2: Factor Structure and Construct Validity, Stage 3: Pilot Study, and Stage 4: Exploratory Factor Analysis. In stage 4, item factorability was analysed using KMO and Bartlett (0.93) which suggested that the sample was adequate for scale development. The commonalities for all items were above 0.3, showing that each item had some common variance with the other items. The rotated component matrix loaded 28 items on five factors, and after detailed qualitative analysis, those factors were named physical engagement: α=0.84, cognitive engagement: α=0.63, emotional engagement: α=0.84, organizational engagement and motivation: α=0.68, and virtues and self-alignment: α=0.86. Hence, the Work Engagement Scale: α=0.95 is a 28-item, culturally reliable scale developed in Urdu.
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